Protective Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Nigella Sativa on Enzymatic Activity and Kidney Histopathology in Mice Infected with Plasmodium Berghei
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Laboratory Science, Bab.C., Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
2 Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
Abstract
Nigella sativa is a medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases. The presence of essential fatty acids in Nigella sativa has contributed to its anticancer properties and its effectiveness in promoting skin health. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa on enzymatic activity and renal histopathology in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. A total of 35 adult male mice, were divided into 7 groups. The mice were infected with P. berghei to induce malaria. After con rmation of infection, the mice were treated with Nigella sativa extract for 4 consecutive days. At the end of the treatment period, blood samples were collected to measure serum levels of urea and creatinine. Additionally, kidney tissues were subjected to histopathological examination. The results demonstrated that the Nigella sativa extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg reduced serum levels of urea and creatinine compared to the negative control group (PBS). Histopathological assessment of the kidney tissues revealed no signi cant morphological differences between the control and treated groups. Furthermore, the lumen and epithelial lining of the renal convoluted tubules in the extract-treated group appeared similar to those in the negative control group, with no statistically signi cant changes observed (p>0.05). Based on these ndings, further long-term studies are recommended to investigate the potential of Nigella sativa extract in reducing elevated urea and creatinine levels in various pathological conditions. This extract may serve as an effective agent in managing renal dysfunction associated with different diseases.
Keywords
References
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[1] Hajialiani F, Shahbazzadeh D, Maleki F, Elmi
T, Tabatabaie F, Zamani Z. the metabolomic
pro les of sera of mice infected with plasmod-
ium berghei and treated by effective fraction of
naja naja oxiana using 1H nuclear magnetic res-
onance spectroscopy. Acta Parasitologica. 2021
Dec;66(4):1517-27.
[2] Elmi T, Hajialiani F, Asadi MR, Orujzadeh F,
Kalantari HA, RAHIMI EB, Gholami S. A study
on the effect of Zingiber Officinale hydroalcoholic
extract on plasmodium berghei in infected mice:
an experimental study. Journal of Rafsanjan Uni-
versity of Medical Sciences. 2019;18(4):353-64.
[3] Elmi T, Ardestani MS, Hajialiani F, Mote-
valian M, Mohamadi M, Sadeghi S, Zamani Z,
Tabatabaie F. Novel chloroquine loaded curcumin
based anionic linear globular dendrimer G2: A
metabolomics study on Plasmodium falciparum in
vitro using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Parasitology.
2020 Jun;147(7):747-59.
[4] Wicht KJ, Mok S, Fidock DA. Molecular mech-
anisms of drug resistance in Plasmodium falci-
parum malaria. Annual review of microbiology.
2020 Sep 8;74(1):431-54.
[5] Mishra SK, Das BS. Malaria and acute kidney in-
jury. InSeminars in Nephrology 2008 Jul 1 (Vol.
28, No. 4, pp. 395-408). WB Saunders.
[6] Das BS. Renal failure in malaria. J Vector Borne
Dis. 2008;45(2):83-97.
[7] Shafodino FS, Lusilao JM, Mwapagha LM. Phy-
tochemical characterization and antimicrobial ac-
tivity of Nigella sativa seeds. PloS one. 2022 Aug
4;17(8):e0272457.
[8] Alberts A, Moldoveanu ET, Niculescu AG,
Grumezescu AM. Nigella sativa: A comprehen-
sive review of its therapeutic potential, pharma-
cological properties, and clinical applications. In-
ternational journal of molecular sciences. 2024 Dec
14;25(24):13410.
[9] Khanabadi F, Badirzadeh A, Kalantari Hesari A,
Akbariqomi M, Torkashvand H, Didehdar M, Elmi
T. In Vivo Anti-malarial Activity and Toxicity
Studies of Allium ursinum (Wild Garlic) Hydroal-
coholic Extract. Journal of Applied Biotechnology
Reports. 2022 Sep 1;9(3):781-9.
[10] Elmi T, Ardestani MS, Motevalian M, Hesari AK,
Hamzeh MS, Zamani Z, Tabatabaie F. Antiplas-
modial effect of nano dendrimer G2 loaded with
chloroquine in mice infected with plasmodium
berghei. Acta parasitologica. 2022 Mar;67(1):298-
308.
[11] Ali BH, Blunden G. Pharmacological and toxi-
cological properties of Nigella sativa. Phytother-
apy Research: An international journal devoted
to pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of
natural product derivatives. 2003 Apr;17(4):299-
305.
[12] Bashir KM, Kim JW, Kim JK, Chun YS, Choi
JS, Ku SK. Efficacy con rmation test of black
cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds extract using a
high-fat diet mouse model. Metabolites. 2023 Mar
30;13(4):501.
[13] Al-Ghamdi MS. The anti-in ammatory, analgesic
and antipyretic activity of Nigella sativa. Journal
of ethnopharmacology. 2001 Jun 1;76(1):45-8.
[14] Bordoni L, Fedeli D, Nasuti C, Maggi F, Papa
F, Wabitsch M, De Caterina R, Gabbianelli R.
Antioxidant and anti-in ammatory properties of
Nigella sativa oil in human pre-adipocytes. An-
tioxidants. 2019 Feb 25;8(2):51.
[15] Kordestani Z, Shahrokhi-Farjah M, Yazdi Rouho-
lamini SE, Saberi A. Reduced ikk/nf-kb expres-
sion by Nigella sativa extract in breast can-
cer. Middle East Journal of Cancer. 2020 Apr
1;11(2):150-8.
[16] Alkis H, Demir E, Taysi MR, Sagir S, Taysi S.
Effects of Nigella sativa oil and thymoquinone on
radiation-induced oxidative stress in kidney tissue
of rats. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2021 Jul
1;139:111540.
[17] Mehrdad M, Messripour M, Ghobadipour M. The
effect of ginger extract on blood urea nitrogen and
creatinine in mice. Pakistan journal of biological
sciences: PJBS. 2007 Sep 1;10(17):2968-71.
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